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Sudan

Dynamics of water use in Sudan by estimates of SHI (1998)


 



 

 
1960
1970
1980
1990
1995
2000
2010
2025
                 
Popultion, mln*
11.8
15.7
18.7
25.2
28.3
33.0
42.3
65.8
Irrigation area, th.ha**
1000
1750
1770
1900
  
2000
2050
2300
Irrigation area, th.ha***
1480
1625
1800
1946
1946
      
GNP, $US per capita****
      
1000
        
Water withdrawal, km3
10.3
16.5
18.4
17.4
18.0
18.6
19.7
23.0
Water consumption, km3
7.4
12.0
13.4
12.5
12.8
13.2
13.6
16.1
notes: * - Source: United Nations Organization
** - 1961-1993 Source: FAO Production Yearbook, 1965-1994. Rome: FAO; 1995 – 2025 - SHI 1995 forecast

*** - Source: Gleick, 1998

**** - Source: World Bank / IMF – International Financial Statistics Yearbook, 1980-1994. N.Y.: World Bank/IMF

Water use of Sudan (km3/year) by data of different authors


 



 

author
  
year
1970
1977
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
20251)
20252)
2030
IIASA
withdrawal
1993
        
27.5
          
WRI
withdrawal
1991-93
  
18.6
                
WRI
withdrawal
1997-98
          
17.8
        
WWDS
withdrawal
1998
        
15.6
    
36.6
34.9
  
UNSY
withdrawal
1992
        
27.5
          
Gleick
withdrawal
1993
  
18.6
                
Gleick
withdrawal
1998
          
17.8
        
Margat
withdrawal
1994
18.4
  
18.3
  
15.5
          
IrrNE
withdrawal
1997
          
17.8
        
Smith
withdrawal
1990
      
12.0
    
20.0
    
31.0
IrAf
withdrawal
1995
          
17.8
        

notes: all estimates include water use for agriculture, industrial & domestic needs;

1) – scenario 1

2) – scenario 2

IIASA – Kulshreshtha S.N., 1993. World Water Resources & Regional Vulnerability: impact of future changes. Luxenburg: IIASA.

WRI – World Resources (1991-1992, 1992-1993, 1994, 1996, 1997-1998) – N.Y.: Oxford Univ. Press.

WWDS – World Water Resources. Demand & Supply: 1990 to 2025., 1998. Scenarious & Issues. Colombo:IWMI.

UNSY – United National Statistical Yearbook 1992, 39, 1993– N.Y..:UN.

Gleick, 1993 - Water in Crisis. A Guide to the World's Fresh Water Resources, 1993. Edited by P. Gleick. N.Y. Oxford Univ.Press.

Gleick, 1998 - The World’s Water. The Beneficial Report on Freshwater Resources 1998-1999, 1998, Peter Gleick, Washington, D.C. Covello, California.

Margat, 1994 - Water use in the World Present and Future., 1994. J.Margat. Paris: UNESCO.

IrrNE – Irrigation in the Near East Region in Figures. 1997. Water Reports 9. Rome: FAO.

Smith - The Blue Nile: Potential for conflict & alternatives for meeting future demands. Smith S.E., Al-Rawahy H.M., 1990. Water.Int. vol.15 n4.

IrAf – Irrigation in Africa in figures, 1995. Extract from report 7. Rome: FAO.