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Portugal

Dynamics of water use in Portugal by estimates of SHI (1998)


 



 

 
1960
1970
1980
1990
1995
2000
2010
2025
                 
Popultion, mln*
8.83
8.66
9.88
9.87
9.83
9.81
9.78
9.59
Irrigation area, th.ha**
  
623
630
630
  
750
820
820
Irrigation area, th.ha***
620
622
630
630
631
      
GNP, $US per capita****
                
Water withdrawal, km3
6.46
9.20
9.45
8.20
8.30
8.30
8.40
8.50
Water consumption, km3
4.33
4.40
4.52
4.27
4.30
4.43
4.48
4.63
notes: * - Source: United Nations Organization
** - 1961-1993 Source: FAO Production Yearbook, 1965-1994. Rome: FAO; 1995 – 2025 - SHI 1995 forecast

*** - Source: Gleick, 1998

**** - Source: World Bank / IMF – International Financial Statistics Yearbook, 1980-1994. N.Y.: World Bank/IMF

Water use of Portugal (km3/year) by data of different authors


 



 

author
  
year
1980
1990
20251)
20252)
IIASA
withdrawal
1993
  
10.5
    
WRI
withdrawal
1991-93
10.5
      
WRI
withdrawal
1996-98
  
7.3
    
WWDS
withdrawal
1998
  
7.31
7.3
6.0
UNSY
withdrawal
1992
  
10.6
    
Gleick
withdrawal
1998
  
10.5
    
Env.Ind.
withdrawal
1992
10.5
      

notes: all estimates include water use for agriculture, industrial & domestic needs;

1) – scenario 1

2) – scenario 2

IIASA – Kulshreshtha S.N., 1993. World Water Resources & Regional Vulnerability: impact of future changes. Luxenburg: IIASA.

WRI – World Resources (1991-1992, 1992-1993, 1994, 1996, 1997-1998) – N.Y.: Oxford Univ. Press.

WWDS – World Water Resources. Demand & Supply: 1990 to 2025., 1998. Scenarious & Issues. Colombo:IWMI.

UNSY – United National Statistical Yearbook 1992, 39, 1993– N.Y..:UN.

Gleick, 1998 - The World’s Water. The Beneficial Report on Freshwater Resources 1998-1999, 1998, Peter Gleick, Washington, D.C. Covello, California.

Env.Ind. – Environmental Indicators, 1992. In depth analyses of individual indicators: intensity of use of water resources. Paris, OECD.