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Egypt

Dynamics of water use in Egypt by estimates of SHI (1998)


 
 
1960
1970
1980
1990
1995
2000
2010
2025
                  
Popultion, mln*
  
33.3
42.3
52.4
62.8
68.8
80.7
95.5
Irrigation area, th.ha**
  
2843
2445
2607
  
2650
3000
3100
Irrigation area, th.ha***
2568
2843
2445
2648
3265
      
GNP, $US per capita****
      
600
        
Water withdrawal, km3
49.7
55.5
50.5
53.1
53.7
54.3
61.6
67.7
Water consumption, km3
35.2
39.0
34.5
36.7
37.5
38.0
39.2
40.4
notes: * - Source: United Nations Organization
** - 1961-1993 Source: FAO Production Yearbook, 1965-1994. Rome: FAO; 1995 – 2025 - SHI 1995 forecast

*** - Source: Gleick, 1998

**** - Source: World Bank / IMF – International Financial Statistics Yearbook, 1980-1994. N.Y.: World Bank/IMF

 
 

Water use of Egypt (km3/year) by data of different authors


 
author
  
year
1970
1980
1985
1990
1992
1993
2000
20001)
20002)
20251)
20252)
IIASA
withdrawal
1993
      
62.9
            
WRI
withdrawal
1991-93
    
56.4
                
WRI
withdrawal
1997-98
        
56.4
            
WWDS
withdrawal
1998
      
51.4
           
88.9
77.5
UNSY
withdrawal
1992
      
63.4
              
Gleick
withdrawal
1993
    
56.4
                 
Gleick
withdrawal
1998
           
55.1
          
Margat
withdrawal
1990
    
56.4
         
58.0
61.5
62.5
71.0
Margat
consumption
1990
              
43.5
43.3
41.5
46.6
Margat
withdrawal
1994
41.0
50.5
  
54.0
              
EnvInd
withdrawal
1992
    
52.9
                
IrrNE
withdrawal
1997
          
55.1
          
Biswas
withdrawal
1991
      
54.6
    
58.1
        
Smith
withdrawal
1990
      
56.0
          
85.0
  
IrAf
withdrawal
1995
          
53.1
          

notes: all estimates include water use for agriculture, industrial & domestic needs;

1) – scenario 1

2) – scenario 2

IIASA – Kulshreshtha S.N., 1993. World Water Resources & Regional Vulnerability: impact of future changes. Luxenburg: IIASA.

WRI – World Resources (1991-1992, 1992-1993, 1994, 1996, 1997-1998) – N.Y.: Oxford Univ. Press.

WWDS – World Water Resources. Demand & Supply: 1990 to 2025., 1998. Scenarious & Issues. Colombo:IWMI.

UNSY – United National Statistical Yearbook 1992, 39, 1993– N.Y..:UN.

Gleick, 1993 - Water in Crisis. A Guide to the World's Fresh Water Resources, 1993. Edited by P. Gleick. N.Y. Oxford Univ.Press.

Gleick, 1998 - The World’s Water. The Beneficial Report on Freshwater Resources 1998-1999, 1998, Peter Gleick, Washington, D.C. Covello, California.

Margat, 1994 - Water use in the World Present and Future., 1994. J.Margat. Paris: UNESCO.

Margat, 1990 – Prospects for Water Resourcesand Needs in the Mediterranean Countries, 1990. Contributions of the “Plan Blue”. J. Margat. Paris: EC.

Env.Ind. – Environmental Indicators, 1992. In depth analyses of individual indicators: intensity of use of water resources. Paris, OECD.

IrrNE – Irrigation in the Near East Region in Figures. 1997. Water Reports 9. Rome: FAO.

Biswas - Discussion. Biswas Asit., 1991. Water Int. vol.16., n3.

Smith - The Blue Nile: Potential for conflict & alternatives for meeting future demands. Smith S.E., Al-Rawahy H.M., 1990. Water.Int. vol.15 n4.

IrAf – Irrigation in Africa in figures, 1995. Extract from report 7. Rome: FAO.