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China

Dynamics of water use in China by estimates of SHI (1998)

 
1960
1970
1980
1990
1995
2000
2010
2025
                 
Popultion, mln*
672
772
996
1153
1220
1275
1386
1488
Irrigation area, th.ha**
 
38123
45317
47837
 
53303
57000
65000
Irrigation area, th.ha***
30402
38113
45467
47965
49368
     
Irrigation area, (China) 
25010
32040
48890
48390
50410
53300
58000
 
GNP, $US per capita****
 
121
158
320
       
Water withdrawal, km 3
327
387
432
469
526
582
634
764
Water consumption, km3
178
210
235
238
270
301
320
357
notes: * - Source: United Nations Organization
** - 1961-1993 Source: FAO Production Yearbook, 1965-1994. Rome: FAO; 1995 – 2025 - SHI 1995 forecast

*** - Source: Gleick, 1998

**** - Source: World Bank / IMF – International Financial Statistics Yearbook, 1980-1994. N.Y.: World Bank/IMF

Water use of China (km3/year) by data of different authors

author
 
year
1980
1990
1993
1995
2000
2010
IIASA
withdrawal
1993
 
462
       
WRI
withdrawal
1991-93
460
         
WRI
withdrawal
1996-98
460
         
UNSY
withdrawal
1992
 
462
       
Gleick
withdrawal
1993
460
         
Gleick
withdrawal
1998
 
460
        
Margat
withdrawal
1994
480
460
       
EnvInd
withdrawal
1992
460
         
China
withdrawal
1993
 
477
       
ChWR
withdrawal
1998
444
 
519
 
688
834
S&N
withdrawal
1998
     
500
   

notes: all estimates include water use for agriculture, industrial & domestic needs;

1) – scenario 1

2) – scenario 2

IIASA – Kulshreshtha S.N., 1993. World Water Resources & Regional Vulnerability: impact of future changes. Luxenburg: IIASA.

WRI – World Resources (1991-1992, 1992-1993, 1994, 1996, 1997-1998) – N.Y.: Oxford Univ. Press.

UNSY – United National Statistical Yearbook 1992, 39, 1993– N.Y..:UN.

Gleick, 1993 - Water in Crisis. A Guide to the World's Fresh Water Resources, 1993. Edited by P. Gleick. N.Y. Oxford Univ.Press.

Gleick, 1998 - The World’s Water. The Beneficial Report on Freshwater Resources 1998-1999, 1998, Peter Gleick, Washington, D.C. Covello, California.

Margat, 1994 - Water use in the World Present and Future., 1994. J.Margat. Paris: UNESCO.

Env.Ind. – Environmental Indicators, 1992. In depth analyses of individual indicators: intensity of use of water resources. Paris, OECD.

China – China: Desk Study. 1993. Preliminary Results. Rome: FAO/GWIS.

ChWR – China: Water Resources & Teir Use. 1998. N.Y.:ESCAP.

S&N - Sources and Nature of Water Quality Problems in Asia and the Pacific. 1998.N.Y.: ESCAP.